Poetry is:
Poetry notes
3 Types of Poetry
lNarrative- Long poem that tells a story, like the Odyssey
lLyric- Typically short poem that expresses strong emotion
lDramatic- Written from another perspective or has more than one speaker
l Narrative- involving events, characters, and what the characters say and do. Long and tell a story
l EPIC- A long narrative poem about the actions of a hero in formal language.
l A poem/song about a historical or legendary person, or a normal person who is made to sound extraordinary.
l Written in at least four-line stanzas (quatrain) with a rhyme scheme and informal language- often has repetition
l Common themes- love & courage
l Ballad A poem/song about a historical or legendary person, or a normal person who is made to sound extraordinary.
l Written in at least four-line stanzas (quatrain) with a rhyme scheme and informal language- often has repetition
l Common themes- love & courage
l Dramatic poetry Like a drama/play
l The writer pretends as the speaker to be someone/something else OR
l The poem has more than one speaker
l Lyric: Most common form of poetry
l Typically short and express emotion or describe something
l Includes sonnets, haikus, concrete poems, limericks
l Fixed Form- Must follow traditional guidelines for structure, meter, rhyme, etc. . . like a haiku, sonnet, or limerick
l Free verse- Follows no set rules, but still uses poetic devices
l Blank verse- Has meter, but no rhyme
l These can be narrative, dramatic, or lyric
l Alliteration- Repeating the first letter of a word in several words in a line
Big brown bear buys bananas
l Onomatopoeia- When the sound of a word echoes the sound it represents. Splash, knock, roar are examples.
l Figurative language- Language that is not meant to be taken literally or “for real.” Often creates vivid imagery by making comparisons.
l Literal language- Language that means exactly what it says.
l Idioms- a common expression whose meaning cannot be determined literally; requires cultural knowledge
He kicked the bucket. It’s a dog eat dog world.
l Simile- Comparing two unlike things using the words “like” or “as”
l Metaphor- Comparing two unlike things not using “like” or “as”
l Personification- Giving human qualities to something that is not human
l Hyperbole- Extreme exaggeration
l Symbolism: An object that has its own meaning but also stands for something else
l Imagery: How a writer uses words or phrases to appeal to the five senses
l Tone: The poet’s attitude toward his/her subject
l Mood: The atmosphere/feeling the poet creates in his/her poem
l Repetition- repeat a word or short phrase
l Parallelism- use of similar grammatical structure in lines of verses
l Alliteration- Repeat the first letter of several words in a line
1. End rhymes-
Rhymes at the ends of lines
2. Internal rhymes- rhymes in the middles of lines
3. Approximate/near/slant rhymes- share similar sounds, but do not perfectly rhyme sleep/speak
l Sonnets are 14 line lyric poems, typically about love or nature with fixed rhyme schemes
l Two main types- Petrarchan (or Italian) or Shakespearean (or English) Francesco Petrarch 1304-1374
l Poems dedicated to Laura
l Consists of an octave + sestet
l End rhyme scheme of:
l abbaabba
l cdecde
l Williams Shakespeare, 1564-1615
l Wrote 154 Sonnets
l Iambic pentameter
l Consists of three quatrains and a couplet
l End rhyme scheme
l abab
l cdcd
l efef
l gg
l Williams Shakespeare, 1564-1615
l Wrote 154 Sonnets
l Iambic pentameter
l Consists of three quatrains and a couplet
l End rhyme scheme
l abab
l cdcd
l efef
l gg
l concrete poetry Lyric poetry with roots during Medieval times
l Written in the shape of its subject or suggests the topic
l Does not have to rhyme or have rhythm, but must have structure and imagery
l